27. ORM: Prisma

Современный TypeScript ORM с type-safety и автогенерацией типов.

Установка

npm install prisma @prisma/client
npx prisma init

Schema

prisma/schema.prisma

datasource db {
  provider = "postgresql"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client-js"
}

model User {
  id        Int      @id @default(autoincrement())
  email     String   @unique
  name      String?
  posts     Post[]
  createdAt DateTime @default(now())
}

model Post {
  id        Int      @id @default(autoincrement())
  title     String
  content   String?
  published Boolean  @default(false)
  author    User     @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id])
  authorId  Int
}

Миграции

npx prisma migrate dev --name init
npx prisma generate

CRUD операции

import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client';

const prisma = new PrismaClient();

// Create
const user = await prisma.user.create({
  data: {
    email: '[email protected]',
    name: 'John Doe',
    posts: {
      create: [
        { title: 'First Post', content: 'Hello World!' }
      ]
    }
  },
  include: { posts: true }
});

// Read
const users = await prisma.user.findMany({
  where: { email: { contains: '@example.com' } },
  include: { posts: true }
});

// Update
await prisma.user.update({
  where: { id: 1 },
  data: { name: 'John Updated' }
});

// Delete
await prisma.user.delete({ where: { id: 1 } });

Транзакции

await prisma.$transaction([
  prisma.user.update({ where: { id: 1 }, data: { balance: { decrement: 100 } } }),
  prisma.user.update({ where: { id: 2 }, data: { balance: { increment: 100 } } })
]);

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